Despite the enormous agricultural potential exhibited in the rural areas of Nigeria due to its population strength, the country is still faced with food insecurity and malnutrition problems. Viewing through the various Global Hunger Index (GHI) assessment reports, the nation often ranks among those with "serious hunger" rating scores, which reflects pervasive difficulties in reaching Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG 2) Zero Hunger. This review, however, looked at agricultural mechanization as a key factor in enhancing food security and accelerating Nigeria's progress towards meeting SDG 2 targets by 2030. The study examines hunger patterns in Nigeria, the historical development of agricultural mechanization, and federal and state-level mechanization projects using secondary data from global hunger indices, policy documents, government publications, and peer-reviewed literature. It also evaluates the institutional and policy frameworks that support mechanized agriculture. The review concluded that Nigeria has implemented a number of agricultural and nutrition-related policies, while efficacy has been hampered by low mechanization uptake and implementation gaps. To achieve sustainable food security and meet SDG 2 targets by 2030, it is important to scale up context-appropriate, climate-smart mechanization, develop public-private partnerships (PPP), improve policy coherence, and address governance and security problems.